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Notes
1. Much of the research for this essay was completed at the Jacob and Hilda Blaustein Human Relations Research Library, American Jewish Committee building, New York, with a grant from Georgia State University. For most references in the opening paragraph, see American Jewish Committee archive box labeled “Politicization in the UN—76—77.” The Special Committee to Investigate Israeli Practices Affecting the Human Rights of the Palestinian People and Other Arabs of the Occupied Territories was established by the General Assembly in Res. 2443 (XXIII) of 19 December 1968. For specific details of the charges of many of these bodies, see CitationManor (1997) and CitationSchoenberg (1989, Citation2001).
2. For a complete literature review on the history and the legality of the settlements, see CitationGalchinsky (2004).
3. See American Jewish Committee archive box labeled “United Nations: Expulsion, Question of Israel's, 75.”
4. See “Efforts on genocide ratification in US, 1968–1972,” from American Jewish Committee archive box labeled “FAD-IO [Foreign Affairs Department-International Organizations], 68–72.”
5. Ibid.
6. For a sustained consideration of American Jewish NGOs activities with regard to the Soviet Jewry movement, see CitationLazin (2005).
7. The group was initially called the Ad Hoc Group on U.S. Policy Toward the UN and issued its first report, “A New United States Policy Toward the United Nations” in April 1976. See the American Jewish Committee archives box, “Perspectives on the UN, 79.”
8. See the AJC archives box “FAD-IO [Foreign Affairs Department-International Organizations], Box #20.”
9. A similar shift in priorities took place in the International Council of Jewish Women. See (CitationLas 1996).
10. See AJC archive box labeled “International Commission of Jurists, 1980;” Liskofsky to Jerome Shestack, October 13, 1977.
11. See “UN: Israel and South Africa, 79–80,” undated, American Jewish Committee archive box, FAD-IO, 79–80.
12. Even then, ACRI soon limited itself to issues occurring within the Green Line. See CitationSteiner (1991), 14–15: The “Association for Civil Rights in Israel fears a loss of credibility and of opportunities to influence Israel's Jewish population if it becomes too involved in events within the occupied territories, or too involved in the controversies between religious and secular forces. ACRI has been subjected to charges of disloyalty, as have NGOs in some African and Asian countries that have been accused of taking sides in tribal or ethnic conflicts so as to threaten the territorial integrity of the state. Such pressures initially led ACRI to confine its work to problems within Israel. Becoming involved in the occupied territories or being viewed as a movement allied with forces on the liberal or left side of the political spectrum could also prejudice ACRI's connections with the government and hence its valued access to the school scystem and army for purposes of human rights education. On the other hand, ACRI risks some loss of credibility by ignoring problems in the occupied territories. It has recently become involved in litigation related to events in the territories.”