Immune persistence induced by two-dose BBIBP-CorV vaccine with different intervals, and immunogenicity and safety of a homologous booster dose in high-risk occupational population

ABSTRACT

Background

The immune persistence of neutralizing antibodies elicited by BBIBP-CorV vaccines on day 0–14, 0–21 and 0–28 schedule, and the immunogenicity and safety of a homologous booster dose after different priming vaccination regimens is scarcely reported.

Methods

: Responders (GMT≥16) at day 28, after priming with the two-dose vaccine, were followed up at 3, 6, and 10 months. Eligible participants received a homologous booster dose at month 10 and were followed-up 28 days post-booster.

Results

The GMT of neutralizing antibodies in 0–28d-10 m and 0–21d-10 m group were significantly higher than 0–14d-10 m group from month 3 (71.6 & 64.2 vs 46.4, p < 0.001) to month 10 (32.4 & 28.8 vs 20.3, p < 0.001) after the second dose. On day 28 post-booster, a remarkable rebound in neutralizing antibodies (246.2, 277.5, and 288.6, respectively) was observed in the three groups. All adverse reactions were mild after booster injection.

Conclusions

The priming two-dose BBIBP-CorV vaccine with 0–28 days and 0–21 days schedule could lead to a longer persistence of neutralizing antibody than the 0–14 days schedule. Regardless of the priming vaccination regimens, a homologous booster dose led to a strong rebound in neutralizing antibodies and might persist for at least 18 months.

KEYWORDS:

• BBIBP-CorV
• vaccination interval
• Long-term immune persistence
• booster dose
• immunogenicity
• safety
• high-risk occupational population

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the COVID-19 Project of Shanxi Provincial Finance, and the Project of Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for major infectious disease response. Thanks for gratefully all participants taking part in this research. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution from our colleagues and students, and staff members of the Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Outpatient Department of Shanxi Aviation Industry Group Co.LTD.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Author contributions

Tian Yao: conceptualization, conceived and developed the overall study design, reviewed and interpreted data, investigated and performed experiments, and drafted the manuscript. Xiaohong Zhang, Shengcai Mu: conceptualization, conceived and designed the study, analyzed the data, reviewed and interpreted data, investigated and performed experiments. Yana Guo, Xiuyang Xu: analyzed the data, reviewed and interpreted data, investigated and performed experiments. Junfeng Huo, Zhiyun Wei, Ling Liu, Xiaoqing Li, Hong Li, Rongqin Xing: investigated and performed experiments. Yongliang Feng & Jing Chen & Lizhong Feng & Suping Wang: conceptualization, conceived and designed the study, reviewed and interpreted data, writing-review & editing.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control (SXCDCIRBPJ2020056001) and Prevention and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100041705, ChiCTR2100041706

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2022.2141711

Additional information

Funding

The study was supported by the COVID-19 Project of Shanxi Provincial Finance, the Project of Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for major infectious disease response, and the COVID-19 Scientific Research Project of Health Commission of Shanxi Provincial.