We congratulate Rognoni et al. [Citation1] for their comprehensive review on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Their article provides information on which to base hospital policies until new evidence (outlined in their article) becomes available.
Since the authors comprehensively reviewed the literature, we would like to ask if they came across any data on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with OHCA. CI-AKI is associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased cardiovascular and renal morbidity as well as all-cause mortality [Citation2,Citation3]. Furthermore, deterioration of kidney function may occur after contrast media administration, even in the absence of CI-AKI [Citation2]. Periprocedural statin use, hydration, N-acetylcysteine, and adenosine antagonists have been reported to help prevent CI-AKI after coronary angiography [Citation4–Citation6].
CI-AKI would be expected to be common in patients with OHCA if cardiac and renal functions are impaired. Furthermore, there may be an additional risk (e.g. due to impaired cardiac function) if pre- and post-procedure hydration is used as a protective measure to avoid CI-AKI. Moreover, CI-AKI may have additional short- and long-term adverse prognostic effects in patients with OHCA.
Declaration of interest
N Katsiki has given talks, attended conferences and participated in trials sponsored by Amgen, Angelini, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Sanofi and WinMedica. VG Athyros has given talks, attended conferences and participated in trials sponsored by MSD, Angelini, Sanofi and Amgen. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
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References
- Rognoni A, Cavallino C, Mennuni MG, et al. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: always coronary angiography?. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2017 ;15:847–857.
- Katsiki N, Athyros VG, Karagiannis A, et al. Contrast-induced nephropathy: an “all or none” phenomenon? Angiology. 2015;66:508–513.
- Liu Y-H, Jiang L, Duan C-Y, et al. Canada Acute Coronary Syndrome Score: a preprocedural risk score for contrast-induced nephropathy after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Angiology. 2017;68:782–789.
- Mikhailidis DP, Athyros VG. Acute kidney injury: short-term statin therapy for prevention of contrast-induced AKI. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2014;10:8–9.
- Athyros VG, Tziomalos K, Karagiannis A. Treatment options for dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease and for protection from contrast-induced nephropathy. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2015;13:1059–1066.
- Ali-Hasan-Al-Saegh S, Mirhosseini SJ, Ghodratipour Z, et al. Strategies preventing contrast-induced nephropathy after coronary angiography: a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review of 125 randomized controlled trials. Angiology. 2017;68:389–413.