The Experience of Loss Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Applying a Bereavement Model to the Process of Adjustment

Abstract

Previous research has considered the presence of grief reactions following traumatic brain injury, the way loss is perceived, and the strategies used in adjustment. A qualitative approach was employed to investigate the experiences of seven adults with a severe traumatic brain injury. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis yielded findings highlighting associations to an existing model of coping with bereavement. Consideration of the Dual Process Model indicates a coherent process of adjustment within the sample. Following an early, overwhelming confrontation with loss, the participants used a range of strategies to avoid thinking about the losses experienced. Participants also described a focus on continuing progress, unresolved issues, the importance of social support, and post-traumatic growth. The utility and limitations of the Dual Process Model are explored, and implications for clinical work, long-term adaptation, and the need for further research are noted.

Key words:

• adjustment
• brain injury
• interpretative phenomenological analysis loss