Composition of essential oil and antioxidant capacity of Centaurea drabifolia Sm. subsp. detonsa (Bornm.) Wagenitz, endemic to Turkey

Abstract

In this study, composition of essential oil and antioxidant capacity of Centaurea drabifolia subsp. detonsa were investigated. The antioxidant capacity of the methanolic extract was evaluated by various methods including measuring the total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, free radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay), β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay and ferric and cupric ion reducing power assay. The composition of essential oil was identified by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Totally, 41 compounds were described in the essential oil. Germacrene D (44.829%) was determined as the major compound of the essential oil. The total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, inhibition rate of oxidation of linoleic acid, IC₅₀ (in DPPH assay) and EC₅₀ (in reducing power) value were found to be 40.454 mg GAE/g, 100.840 mg AAE/g, 65.639%, 39.584 µg mL⁻¹ and 0.603 mg mL⁻¹, respectively. The results indicated that the extract of C. drabifolia subsp. detonsa has strong antioxidant properties and this species can be used as a natural antioxidant in food processing and pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords:

• Centaurea drabifolia subsp. detonsa
• essential oil
• antioxidant capacity
• Turkey

Acknowledgement

The authors thank Selcuk University Scientific Research Foundation (Project no. 09101037) for providing financial support.