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Natural Product Research
Formerly Natural Product Letters
Volume 28, 2014 - Issue 6
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Articles

Seasonal variations of antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from three Citrus limon L. Burm. cultivars

L. SettanniDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, Italy
,
W. RandazzoDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, Italy
,
E. PalazzoloDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, Italy
,
M. MoschettiInstitute of Biophysics at Palermo, Italian National Research Council, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146Palermo, Italy
,
A. AleoDepartment of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D'Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
,
V. GuarrasiInstitute of Biophysics at Palermo, Italian National Research Council, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146Palermo, Italy
,
C. MamminaDepartment of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D'Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
,
P.L. San BiagioInstitute of Biophysics at Palermo, Italian National Research Council, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146Palermo, Italy
,
F.P. MarraDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, Italy
,
G. MoschettiDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, Italy
&
M.A. GermanàDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Science, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128Palermo, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
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Pages 383-391 | Received 01 Aug 2013, Accepted 28 Nov 2013, Published online: 21 Jan 2014
 
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Abstract

In order to investigate the seasonal variations of antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs), three different cultivars of Citrus limon L. Burm. spp. (Femminello Santa Teresa, Monachello and Femminello Continella) were collected at 6-week intervals, from December 2012 to April 2013, for a total of four harvests. The EOs were extracted from lemon peel by hydro-distillation. The antimicrobial activity, tested by paper disc diffusion method, was evaluated against common food-related pathogenic bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Enterobacter spp.). EOs were more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria at each collection time, but a strong strain dependence was evidenced. Monachello EOs showed the highest inhibition power. The chemical characterisation of the EOs performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry identified from 36 to 42 molecules. The chemical difference registered among samples and seasons may explain the different antimicrobial efficacies recorded.

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