A new cytotoxic diterpenoid glycoside from the leaves of Blumea lacera and its effects on apoptosis and cell cycle

Abstract

A new diterpenoid glycoside, 6E,10E,14Z-(3S)-17-hydroxygeranyllinalool-17-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) together with the known diterpenoid glycoside (2) and two known flavonoid glycosides (3, 4) were isolated from the methanol extract of Blumea lacera leaves. The structures were determined by the interpretation of their spectroscopic data and comparison with the literature. All compounds were isolated for the first time from B. lacera and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity. Only the new compound (1) showed strong cytotoxic activity with the lowest IC₅₀ value (8.3 μM) being displayed against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, 1 revealed strong apoptotic activity against MCF-7 cells (45.5% AV⁺/PI⁻) after 24 h, but showed no arresting of any of the cell cycle phases in MCF-7.

Keywords:

• Blumea lacera leaves
• diterpenoid glycoside
• flavonoid glycoside
• cytotoxicity
• apoptosis
• cell cycle analysis

Acknowledgement

The authors wish to acknowledge Nadia X. Arndt for her assistance with flow cytometry experiments.