Isolation, identification and in vitro biological evaluation of phytochemicals from Memecylon randerianum: a medicinal plant endemic to Western Ghats of India

Abstract

The present investigation reports evaluation of phytochemical content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer properties of the methanolic crude extracts prepared from Memecylon randerianum leaves. Qualitative evaluation showed the presence of carbohydrates, reducing sugars, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, phytosterols, terpenoids, diterpenoids and coumarins. Quantitative estimation for phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids indicated total phenolic content 11.95 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content 20.34 mg QE/g and total alkaloid content 316.68 mg AE/g dry weight of the crude extract respectively. The methanolic extract demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The preparation also demonstrated good antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Anticancer activity was evaluated against breast (MCF), oral (KB) and lung (A-549) cancer cell lines and the respective IC₅₀ values were found to be 159.81 ± 7.54 µg/mL, 240.21 ± 2.57 µg/mL and 124.17 ± 2.10 µg/mL which are comparable to IC₅₀ values of Paclitaxel.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Memecylon randerianum
• phytochemical evaluation
• antimicrobial
• antioxidant
• antidiabetic
• anticancer studies

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Technical Education Quality Improvement (TEQIP) Programme of World Bank for funding the current research work. We would also like to thank the management of KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, India, for providing necessary laboratory facilities to carry out the research work.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

World Bank Group.