Jabuticaba [Plinia peruviana (Poir.) Govaerts]: a Brazilian fruit with a promising application against itraconazole-susceptible and -resistant Sporothrix brasiliensis

Abstract

Hydroalcoholic extract from Jabuticaba peels was evaluated for the chemical profile, antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity, and anti-Sporothrix brasiliensis activities against both dimorphic phases. Higher phenolic content (14.91 ± 0.97) compared to flavonoid (2.05 ± 1.00) associated with the ellagic acid (1.93 ± 0.03; LC-MS), and a good scavenging ability against ABST and DPPH radicals was noted. On MDBK cells, elevated cell viability (>90%) was demonstrated between 0.39 and 0.097 mg/ml (MTT assay). Mycelial (CLSI M38-A2) and yeast (CLSI M27-A3) phases of 18 isolates of Sporothrix brasiliensis from cats (n = 8), dogs (n = 8) and humans (n = 2) were used. They were identified itraconazole-susceptible and itraconazole-resistant isolates in both phases, which were all inhibited (MIC of ≤1.56–6.25 mg/ml for both phases) and killed (MFC of ≤1.56–12.5 mg/ml for mycelial; ≤1.56–50 mg/ml for yeast) by Jabuticaba. For the first time, these findings highlighted the potential usefulness of hydroalcoholic extract from Jabuticaba peel as a promising antifungal against sporotrichosis.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Jabuticaba
• cytotoxicity
• antioxidant
• antifungal
• sporotrichosis
• itraconazole

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Dr. Zoilo Pires de Camargo (Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil) for the molecular analysis of the fungal isolates.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors acknowledge CAPES, CNPq and FAPERGS for financial support and research scholarships.