Diospyros anisandra phytochemical analysis and anti-hemagglutinin-neuraminidase activity on influenza AH1N1pdm09 virus

Abstract

Influenza viral proteins Haemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) are important targets for antiviral design. We analyzed for the first time the anti-HA activity and the NA inhibitory activity of extracts and their fractions from Diospyros anisandra on the influenza AH1N1pdm09 virus. The n-hexane fruit extract exhibited HA inhibitory (HAI) activity, and fraction F3 inhibited the hemagglutination from 12.5 up to 100 μg/ml. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) on fraction F3, and the n-hexane fruit extract, identified six compounds that were individually evaluated. Only vitamin E and lupeol showed a slight inhibitory activity on HA at 100 μg/ml. Regarding the NA assays, the presence of fluorescent (coumarin) and antioxidant (α-tocopherol) compounds in the root extract, masked the NA assays when using fluorescence techniques. We concluded that D. anisandra is a promising source of bioactive compounds with diverse properties including anti-HA activity on the influenza AH1N1pdm09 virus.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Diospyros anisandra
• haemagglutinin
• neuraminidase
• influenza
• fluorescence
• antioxidant

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) (Grant number A1-S-27652). Juárez Méndez is grateful to CONACYT for a scholarship (Grant number 222152).