Supercritical carbon-oxide extracts from cultivated and wild-grown Ganoderma lucidum mushroom: differences in ergosterol and ganoderic acids content, antioxidative and enzyme inhibitory properties

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the effect of supercritical carbon-oxide (scCO₂) extraction on antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibitory potential, and levels of ergosterol and ganoderic acid in both cultivated and wild-grown G. lucidum. Extraction yields were slightly higher for wild samples (1.29%) than for cultivated ones (1.13%). The levels of ganoderic acid and ergosterol were higher in cultivated in comparison to wild samples. In addition, the total phenolic content in cultivated samples (13.42 mg GAE g⁻¹) was higher than in wild samples (10.38 mg GAE g⁻¹). In general, cultivated samples exhibited stronger antioxidant potential when compared with wild ones. Regarding enzyme inhibitory properties, it was validated that the wild samples (14.01 mg OE g⁻¹) possessed greater lipase activity in comparison to cultivated samples (5.36 mg OE g⁻¹). Based on our findings, cultivated G. lucidum might be considered a valuable source of natural bioactive agents in the preparation of health-promoting products.

Graphical abstract

Keywords:

• G. lucidum
• supercritical (scCO₂) extraction
• ergosterol
• ganoderic acids
• antioxidant capacity
• enzyme inhibition activity

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Contract No. 451-03-68/2022-14/200135, 451-03-68/2022-14/200003 and E!13632