Pharmacological, toxicological and phytochemical analysis of Spondias dulcis parkinson

Abstract

Spondias dulcis Parkinson have been used in traditional medicine in Asia, Oceania, and South America, for different diseases conditions and as a functional food. The scientific literature described as different potential pharmacology such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, thrombolytic and enzymatic inhibitor. This study aimed to: (1) establish the pharmacological activity in intestinal motility in vivo and antioxidant activity in vitro; (2) perform the acute toxicology test in mouse; (3) characterize the phytochemical profile based on counter-current chromatography (CCC) and NMR analysis. The results revealed a laxative effect of S. dulcis extract and a high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 5.10 for DPPH assay and 14.14 for hydrogen peroxide scavenging test). No side effects were observed in the oral acute toxicity test for a dose up to 2000 mg/kg. The chemical profile was identified by CCC and NMR, and the comparison of the data obtained with previous literature revealed the presence of the flavonoid rutin (Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) in the extract.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Laxative activity
• antioxidant activity
• countercurrent chromatography
• rutin

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Maria de Fátima Rodrigues for technical support.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

This research was part of a PhD thesis funded by CAPES foundation (PDSE 88881.132351/2016-01).

Additional information

Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES.