Brucellosis control methods with an emphasis on vaccination: a systematic review

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Brucellosis is considered as one of the main zoonotic infections and a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate various strategies for controlling brucellosis with an especial emphasis on efficacy of vaccination.

Areas covered

International databanks (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase) were searched for potentially relevant studies published from 1 January 2011 to 25 March 2021 using the following keywords: ‘Brucella,’ ‘Brucella abortus,’ ‘Brucella melitensis,’ ‘Brucella canis,’ ‘Brucella suis,’ ‘brucellosis,’ ‘Bang disease,’ ‘undulant fever,’ ‘Malta fever,’ ‘vaccination,’ ‘vaccine,’ and ‘immunization.’ The literature search was restricted to original articles published in English.

Expert opinion

Various methods are employed to prevent and control brucellosis, such as removing sick animals by slaughtering, separating sick animals from the herd, and vaccination. Preventing, controlling, and eradicating brucellosis requires a lot of financial support, perseverance, and time. In order to conduct a detailed study, it is recommended that more studies be conducted in developing countries and different parts of the world.

KEYWORDS:

• Brucellosis
• vaccine
• eradicate
• control

Article highlights

• Brucella melitensis is the main leading cause of brucellosis in sheep and goats as well as the main etiological agent of human brucellosis, followed by Brucella abortus and Brucella suis.

• Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed/Medline databases were search for articles describing brucellosis control methods with an emphasis on efficacy of vaccination published from 1 January 2011 to 25 March 2021.

• In total, 20 articles were included and considered for data extraction.

• The range of effectiveness of immunization with common vaccines was 78.6 to 97.2%.

• The level of protection induced by conjunctival administration of a reduced dose of S19 vaccine was similar to that of subcutaneous administration of its standard dose.

• The level of protection provided by Flu-BA vaccine was similar to that of B. abortus S19 vaccine, and the Flu-BA vaccine could establish a cross-protection against B. melitensis infection.

Author contributions

A Darbandi, M Koupaei, T Navidifar, S Shahroodian, M Heidary, and M Talebi contributed in revising and final approval of the version to be published. All authors agreed and confirmed the manuscript for publication.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.