Ceftobiprole medocaril for the treatment of pneumonia

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Ceftobiprole, a fifth-generation cephalosporin, exhibits a broad-spectrum activity against common pathogens causing pneumonia, including multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), such as penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and non-extended-spectrum β -lactamase (non-ESBL) producing Enterobacterales strains. Therefore, ceftobiprole should be considered as a potential alternative for the empirical treatment of pneumonia in patients with high risk for MDROs.

Area covered

In this review, we discussed the role of ceftobiprole in the treatment of patients with pneumonia.

Expert opinion

Ceftobiprole has several advantages in the treatment of pneumonia. First, ceftobiprole exerts its bactericidal activity by inhibiting transpeptidases, especially showing strong affinities to penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2a, PBP2× and PBP3. Second, its plasma protein binding is minimal, allowing it to penetrate lung tissue and achieve high concentrations in epithelial lung fluid. Third, ceftobiprole exhibits potent in vitro activity against a wide range of susceptible pathogens, including S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Viridans streptococci, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Enterobacterales, and particularly, MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Finally, several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftobiprole in the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia).

KEYWORDS:

• Ceftobiprole
• community-acquired pneumonia
• hospital-acquired pneumonia
• methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Article highlights

• Ceftobiprole is a fifth-generation cephalosporin with potent in vitro activity against commonly encountered pneumonia pathogens, including PRSP, MRSA, and P. aeruginosa.

• Based on the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), ceftobiprole is an effective and well-tolerated antibiotic for treating CAP and HAP (excluding VAP).

• According to the robust evidence of meta-analysis, the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftobiprole for CAP and HAP are comparable with other alternative antibiotic treatments.

• Although existing studies have shown strong evidence for ceftobiprole’s use in pneumonia treatment, the number of clinical studies investigating its efficacy and safety remains limited, especially for patients with VAP. Post-marketing surveillance of ceftobiprole is inadequate and further study is warranted in order to confirm its role in the treatment of pneumonia.

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or material discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or mending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Author contributions statement

The author substantially contributed to the conception and design of this article as well as the interpretation of relevant literature. In addition, the author has been involved in writing the article and revising it for intellectual content.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.