ITIH4 is a predictor for coronary thrombus in coronary arteriography patients

Abstract

Aim: To explore potential value of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain-4 (ITIH4) for coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis. Patients & methods: We recruited the patients who received coronary arteriography (CAG) examination. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect plasma ITIH4. Results: ITIH4 level was lower expression in CAD patients than that in patients of control group, and was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP). ITIH4 level is no differences between ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. However, its expression was significantly correlated with D-Dimer and thrombin time, and the logistic analysis confirmed predictive value of ITIH4 for visible thrombus in coronary. Conclusion: ITIH4 may be a useful biomarker in CAD diagnosis, and to predict visible thrombus in coronary.

Plain language summary

What is this summary about?

ITIH4 is present in human plasma and related to several diseases. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most popular diseases in the world. We test the diagnosis value of ITIH4 in CAD patients.

What were the results?

ITIH4 level was lower in CAD patients than that in control patients. ITIH4 was correlated with C-reactive protein. ITIH4 may play a role in clotting system. ITIH4 was also correlated with D-Dimer and thrombin time. ITIH4 level in thrombus patients was lower than that in without thrombus patients. ITIH4 could be used to predict coronary visible thrombus.

What do the results mean?

ITIH4 may be a useful diagnosis biomarker in CAD patients.

Article highlights

• Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common diseases around the world. Although multiple biomarkers and treatment strategies have been developed for CAD patients, myocardial infarction is still a disease with high morbidity and mortality.

• An observation study was conducted to evaluate the diagnosis and prognosis value of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor-4 (ITIH4) for CAD patients.

• 219 patients were recruited in this analysis, CAD patients has a lower serum ITIH4 expression compared with control group.

• ITIH4 level was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein.

• The difference between the ST-elevated myocardial infarction and non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients in terms of ITIH4 expression was not significant.

• The mean ITIH4 value in visible thrombus patients was significant lower than that in without visible thrombus patients.

• ITIH4 may be used to predict coronary visible thrombus in coronary arteriography patients.

• The serum level of ITIH4 was negatively correlated with D-Dimer.

Keywords: :

• biomarker
• coagulation
• coronary artery disease
• ITIH4
• visible thrombus

Author contributions

L Tian, S Zhao and R Zhang designed the study; L Tian collected, analyzed and interpreted data. S Zhao were involved in data analysis. L Tian and S Zhao wrote the first draft. R Zhang revised the manuscript. All authors approved the submitted version.

Financial disclosure

This work was supported by the Research Fund for the Cross between Medical and Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University (YG2021QN20). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Competing interests disclosure

The authors have no competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Writing disclosure

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Ethical conduct of research

The research protocol conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki as reflected in a priori approval by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital (No.2020:152). All patients provided written informed consent documents.

Data availability statement

The data presented in this study are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Research Fund for the Cross between Medical and Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University (YG2021QN20).