Notes
1. The Competitiveness and Environmental Sustainability Framework (CESF) was the government of Canada's first major attempt at developing a national approach to sustainable development. Its three overarching goals are enhancing the safety and well-being of Canadians, preserving the natural environment, and advancing the country's long-term competitiveness. Although the CESF has rarely been referred to since 2006, it assisted in establishing fundamental ideas about sustainable development and ESD. The framework established the seemingly paradoxical premise that economic and environmental success, rather than being at odds, can act complementarily. The framework demonstrated in accessible language how environmental sustainability could act as a new basis for economic competitiveness.