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ABSTRACT
Recent calls for papers in numerous academic journals within leisure studies have focused on a global and nation-specific climate that leans towards autocratic policy development, fascist rhetoric as the norm, and a greater expansion of a neoliberal philosophy. A critical leisure approach critiques leisure studies and leisure research for what the construction of leisure is in its origin and in its function. The aim of this discussion is to present counter, critical narratives to leisure studies. Two hundred and ninety-two texts that focused on the ‘critical’ in leisure were read and analyzed through critical discourse analysis and political discourse analysis. The analysis resulted in a historiography that articulates four key alternative or counter traditions: Critical Leisure Studies; New Leisure; Post-Leisure Studies; and Anti-Leisure, which could aid leisure studies into taking on a role as a ‘new’ cultural studies.
RÉSUMÉ
La sollicitation récente d’articles par de nombreuses publications universitaires dans le cadre d’études sur les loisirs a montré que ces publications portent surtout sur un cadre à l’échelle mondiale, mais aussi sur des nations individuellement, dont la tendance est l’élaboration de politiques autocratiques, une rhétorique fasciste qui se pose comme la norme et l’expansion continue de la philosophie néolibérale. Une approche critique des loisirs doit critiquer les études et la recherche en matiére de loisirs sous l’angle de l’origine et de la fonction des loisirs. Le but de cette discussion est de présenter une critique qui s’inscrit en faux contre les études en matiére de loisirs. Le discours politique et l’analyse critique sur les loisirs de 292 textes ont été lus et évalués. Cette analyse a abouti à l’historiographie de quatre principales traditions paralléles ou contraires: étude critique des loisirs; nouveaux loisirs; études aprés loisirs; et études anti-loisirs, le tout étant susceptible d’aider les chaires d’étude en loisirs à inscrire ces nouvelles études dans un nouveau courant culturel.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
Notes
1. What was compiled are texts from academic journal general and special issues presenting a collection of articles and freestanding articles from the Annals of Leisure Research, Annals of Tourism Studies, Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology, Current Issues in Tourism, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure, Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, Journal of Experiential Education, Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, Journal of Leisure Research, Journal of Parks & Recreation Administration, Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, Leisure Sciences, Leisure Studies, Leisure/Loisir, Société and Loisir/Leisure and Society, Therapeutic Recreation Journal, Tourism Management, Tourism Geographies, Tourism Analysis, Sociology of Sport Journal, and World Leisure and Recreation (known presently as the World Leisure Journal). Journals not named did not contain an article associated with any call or discussion tied to the ‘critical’ in leisure and the fundamental aspects of what the ‘critical’ in leisure is attempting to address in the questioning of power, domination, hegemony, oppression, a history of discrimination, and resistance. Additionally, what was compiled are the articles and essays within textbooks and texts, alongside authored books that also made use of the term ‘critical’ in leisure and explicitly used this terminology and its discourses on power, politics, domination, hegemony, oppression, a history of discrimination, and resistance.