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Original Article

Beliefs and practices of Black South African traditional healers regarding hearing impairment

Creencias y prácticas de los curanderos negros sudafricanos en torno a la hipoacusia

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Pages 489-499 | Received 18 Nov 2004, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

The study investigated beliefs and practices of Black South African traditional healers regarding hearing impairment. Fifteen Black South African traditional healers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. An exploratory-descriptive research design incorporating a mixed qualitative/quantitative method was employed and data were collected via individual interviews. Traditional healers reported being consulted for what could possibly reflect a variety of audiological and otological problems, and using a wide range of diagnostic and treatment techniques. Although the healers mentioned infection, organic deterioration, noise exposure, and congenital aspects as cause of hearing impairment; they tended to anthropomorphise the cause of the disease, and the reason for becoming ill was often sought in a supernatural realm. These findings have implications for culturally sensitive practice, collaboration between traditional healers and audiologists, sharing of information regarding hearing impairment, mutual referrals, and involvement of traditional healers in hearing health care.

Sumario

Este estudio investigó las creencias y prácticas de los curanderos negros sudafricanos en torno a la hipoacusia. Se entrevistaron 15 curanderos negros sudafricanos en forma semi-estructurada. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación exploratorio descriptivo incorporando un método cualitativo/cuantitativo y los datos se colectaron en las entrevistas individuales. Los participantes refirieron haber sido consultados por problemas que probablemente reflejaban patología otológica y audiológica. Se utilizó una amplia gama de técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas. Aunque los curanderos mencionaron aspectos como infección, deterioro orgánico, exposición a ruido y alteraciones congénitas como causa de la hipoacusia, tendían a antropomorfizar la causa de la enfermedad y la razón para estar enfermo generalmente era atribuida a la esfera de lo sobrenatural. Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para adoptar una práctica culturalmente sensible, establecer colaboración entre los curanderos tradicionales y los audiólogos, compartir la información sobre la hipoacusia, realizar referencias mutuas e involucrar a los curanderos en el cuidado de la salud auditiva.

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