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Original

How vision matters for individuals with hearing loss

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Pages 500-511 | Received 14 Mar 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Hearing loss has obvious implications for communication and auditory functioning. A less obvious implication of hearing loss is its effect on the remaining sensory systems, particularly vision. This paper will review research demonstrating that deafness affects the development of specific visual functions and their neural substrates, including motion processing, face processing, and attention to peripheral space. Implications of this cross-modal plasticity are discussed in a review of studies with cochlear implant recipients. This latter work suggests that visual speech perception skills that develop during periods of deafness have positive implications for later perception of auditory speech. These effects are discussed in light of multimodal processing and perceptual learning.

Sumario

La deficiencia auditiva tiene implicaciones obvias para la comunicación y el funcionamiento auditivo. Una implicación menos obvia para la hipoacusia es su efecto sobre los restantes sistemas sensoriales, particularmente la visión. Este artículo revisará investigaciones que demuestran que la sordera afecta el desarrollo de funciones visuales específicas y su sustrato neurológico, incluyendo el procesamiento del movimiento, procesamiento facial y atención al espacio periférico. Se discuten las implicaciones de esta plasticidad de modalidad cruzada en una revisión de estudios en pacientes con implante coclear. Este último trabajo sugiere que las habilidades de percepción visual del lenguaje que se desarrollan durante períodos de sordera tienen un impacto positivo para la percepción posterior del lenguaje aditivo. Estos efectos se discuten a la luz del procesamiento multimodal y del aprendizaje perceptivo.

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