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Original Articles

Immune-mediated audiovestibular disorders in the paediatric population: A review

Pages 560-565 | Received 07 May 2008, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Recent studies show that several audiovestibular pathologies in the paediatric population may be immune-mediated. This is even more probable if the pathology is associated with a coexisting systemic autoimmune disorder. At this time, however, the current literature is limited to a few case reports, and little is known with regard to prevalence, diagnosis, and management of immune-mediated inner-ear disorders in children. This review aims to shed some light on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of paediatric immune-mediated inner-ear disorders. Sudden and progressive sensorineural hearing loss is discussed, in addition to some of the systemic autoimmune disorders commonly associated with immune-mediated audiovestibular pathology such as Cogan's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, Behçet's disease, Sjögren's syndrome, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Abbreviations
CRP=

C-reactive protein

ESR=

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

SLE=

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Abbreviations
CRP=

C-reactive protein

ESR=

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

SLE=

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Sumario

Se ha demostrado en estudios recientes que algunas patologías audiovestibulares en la población pediátrica pueden ser inmuno-mediadas. Esto es incluso más probable si la patología se asocia con un trastorno autoinmune sistémico coexistente. No obstante, actualmente la literatura se limita a pocos reportes de casos y se sabe muy poco en relación con prevalencia, diagnóstico y manejo de los trastornos inmuno-mediados de oído interno en niños. Esta revisión tiene como objeto dar luz a las formas clínicas, al diagnóstico y al tratamiento de los trastornos del oído interno pediátricos inmuno-mediados. Se discuten las hipoacusias sensorineurales súbitas o progresivas además de algunos de los trastornos sistémicos autoinmunes comúnmente asociados con patología audiovestibular inmuno-mediada como el síndrome de Cogan, el lupus eritematoso sistémico, la enfermedad de Behçet, el síndrome de Sjögren y la artritis juvenil idiopática.

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