Weinberger Adjustment Inventory Portuguese Version: A Study of Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Measurement Invariance

Abstract

We examine the psychometric properties of the Weinberger Adjustment Inventory (WAI) from a modern psychometric perspective, including second-order models, better estimation of reliability, and measurement invariance, among a sample of young adults (N = 610, M = 21.33 years, SD = 3.09 years) from Portugal. Results indicated that only the four-factor intercorrelated confirmatory models of the WAI Distress and Restraint scales, and the two-factor intercorrelated confirmatory models of the WAI Defensiveness scales showed adequate fits. The WAI showed good reliability and distinctive correlates with other psychometric measures and criterion variables. Cross-gender measurement invariance was established. Our findings support the WAI as a valid and reliable measure.

Keywords:

• Adjustment
• defensiveness
• Weinberger adjustment inventory (WAI)
• validation

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

Data availability statement

Data is available upon reasonable request.