Harmony or Conflict? A Focus Group Study on Traditional Use and Tourism Development in and around Rondane and Jotunheimen National Parks in Norway

Abstract

Rural industries in Norway are increasingly being marginalized, and rural populations are decreasing. Rural areas and the mountain landscapes which often characterize them are, however, highly valued for their biodiversity, and for amenity values, which in many cases are associated with national parks and other protected areas. In this context, the present study seeks to explore local stakeholders’ views on issues associated with tourism development in Norwegian national parks – in particular, their personal interests, rural discourses and management planning processes. Four focus group meetings were undertaken in two prominent national parks in Norway, Rondane National Park and Jotunheimen National Park, and with two main user groups: traditional rural user interests and local tourism interests. Findings revealed strong support across all groups for the existence of the two national parks. Both groups in both parks were in favour of some level, and certain types, of tourism within the parks. The local tourism interests, however, felt more strongly than their counterparts that a more extensive tourism strategy was needed to support the local communities. A general frustration with the present management regime was noted among several stakeholders. A key conclusion is that local stakeholders should be significantly involved in future park management processes.

Keywords:

• National park
• tourism development
• management
• stakeholder interests
• focus groups

Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Research Council of Norway, through the project “Sustainable tourism development in mountain park areas” (186891/110), under the NATURNAER programme, and through a strategic institute project (SIS) “Tourism in Norway” (200070/S30) at the Institute of Transport Economics. The authors are indebted to the guest editor who coordinated the review process and the three anonymous referees, as well as to Sjur Baardsen and Kerry Wray for their valuable comments. Guro Kristine Barnes and Stine Kill Saga are also gratefully acknowledged for the transcription of interviews. We also thank all members of the four focus groups for their participation.

Notes

Rondane: http://www.fylkesmannen.no/hoved.aspx?m=31510&amid=2240630 Jotunheimen: http://www.fylkesmannen.no/hoved.aspx?m=31515&amid=2198342.

http://www.oppland.no/FDP-Rondane-Solnkletten/Nyheter/Regional-plan-for-Rondane-Solnkletten-til-horing/).

http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/01/20/valgaktuelt/tab-2007-08-30-01.html.

http://statbank.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/Default_FR.asp?PXSid=0&nvl=true&PLanguage=0&tilside=selectvarval/define.asp&Tabellid=01222.

The Mountain board is responsible for management of the commonage and amenities on the Crown land (commons) in the actual municipality.