Biosorption of methylene blue and malachite green on biodegradable magnetic Cortaderia selloana flower spikes: modeling and equilibrium study

Abstract

This study involves the production of a novel biosorbent obtained from Cortaderia selloana flower spikes (CSFs). Magnetic C. selloana flower spikes (nM∞CSFs) was applied as an ideal biosorbent for the elimination of dyes from water. They were utilized for the removal from aqueous solutions of malachite green (MG) and methylene blue (MB) dyes. The analyses of the equilibrium were done under certain experimental parameters such as contact time, initial dye concentration, pH, and quantity of biosorbent. The rapid intake of dyes to reach the equilibrium in a short period time showed the effectiveness of nM∞CSFs to adsorb MG and MB. The experimental information of MB and MG was obtained from the Langmuir model and it confirmed the magnificent dye biosorption ability; 72.99 mg/g for CSFs/MB, 119.05 mg/g for nM∞CSFs/MB, 31.06 mg/g for CSFs/MG, and 56.50 mg/g for nM∞CSFs/MG. Langmuir’s model affirmed the excellent dye biosorption ability. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model displayed a great fit to the experimental result for the removal of MG and MB. The nM∞CSFs compared with raw biosorbent affirmed that the magnetic form of the biosorbent has a greater removal ability for MB and MG. nM∞CSFs is a noteworthy biosorbent for MB and MG removal from wastewater.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Magnetic Cortaderia selloana flower spikes (nM∞CSFs) was synthesized for the biosorption of dyes

• FT-IR and SEM analysis were used for characterization.

• The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the data of the adsorption for nM∞CSFs

• nM∞CSFs is a noteworthy biosorbent for MB and MG removal from wastewater.

A NOVELTY STATEMENT

•   This novel biodegradable biosorbent (magnetic-C. selloana flower spikes-(nM∞CSFs)) has many different functional groups to bind MG and MB from aqueous medium. The method to bring the magnetic form was well described and gives an astronomically immense capacity for the abstraction of the dyes. It resists in acidic or basic medium and has a vigorous structure. It has an immense capacity for the dyes compared to other biosorbents. It can be cited by a sizably voluminous number of investigators or researchers when it is published because it is incipient biosorbent in the literature and can be utilized as a novel biosorbent for the removal of dyes.

Keywords:

• Dyes
• equilibrium
• magnetic biosorbent

Disclosure statement

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.