Phytoremediation of soils contaminated by lead and cadmium in Ethiopia, using Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra L).

Abstract

Phytoremediation is a cost effective and environmentally sustainable green technology for remediation of metal contaminated sites. In Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, large vegetable farms are grown on contaminated sites. This study evaluates the potential of Phytolacca dodecandra L to remediate Pb and Cd from contaminated sites in Addis Ababa. Pb and Cd in soil samples and different plant parts were determined using AAS. Phytoremediation potential of P. dodecandra in different seasons was estimated by calculating the Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF). The average BCF recorded for plant shoot in dry season samples varied from 0.87 to 1.74 for Pb and 1.06 to 2.00 for Cd, while in wet season it was within the range of 1.1–1.53 for Pb and 0.93–3.89 for Cd. The TF values for P. dodecandra ranged from 0.84 to 3.49 for Pb and 1.81 to 4.11 for Cd in dry season, whereas for wet season it varied between 1.34 and 2.01 for Pb and 1.78 and 2.97 for Cd. Since the mean values of BCF and TF were >1, it was concluded that P. dodecandra has considerable potential for phytoextraction of Pb and Cd in contaminated sites.

Keywords:

• Bioconcentration factor
• heavy metal
• phytoremediation
• pollution
• translocation factor

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Ethiopian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MoSHE) and University of South Africa (UNISA) PhD research bursary.