Response surface methodology, and artificial neural network model for removal of textile dye Reactive Yellow 105 from wastewater using Zeolitic Imidazolate-67 modified by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles

Abstract

The applicability of Zeolitic Imidazolate-67, Modified by Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles, was studied for removing textile dye Reactive yellow 105 from wastewater by adsorption method using response surface methodology (RSM). For the adsorption characterization of the adsorbent used in HE-4G dye adsorption, BET, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analyses were performed. The impacts of variables, including initial HE-4G dye concentration (X₁), pH (X₂), adsorbent dosage (X₃), and sonication time (X₄), the highest removal efficiency as 98%, 10 mg/L initial concentration, pH 6, 0.025 g adsorbent dosage, and 6.0 min time respectively. Adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data it, that data were for the Langmuir isotherm, pseudo-second-order kinetics, and maximum adsorption capacity (105.0 mg/g), respectively. Thermodynamic parameters indicated HE-4G dye adsorption is feasible, spontaneous and exothermic. Promising treatment capabilities of the ZIF-67-Fe₃O₄NPs have been during the comparative adsorption removal of HE-4G dye from DI water against spiked natural water samples and synthetic Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ solutions. The observed outcome is the suitability of the artificial neural network model as a tool for mean square error, (MSE_ANN = 0.53, and R² = 0.9926) for removing HE-4G dye. Results that ZIF-67-Fe₃O₄NPs, like being recyclable, and cost-efficient made it a promising absorbent for wastewater.

Keywords:

• Adsorption capacity
• central composite design (CCD)
• mean square error (MSE)
• reactive yellow HE-4G dye
• response surface methodology (RSM)
• wastewater

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the partial support of the Islamic Azad University, Branch of Islamshahr, Iran.

Authors contributions

Elham Pournamdari: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing-original draft, Supervision.

Leila Niknam: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing-original draft.

Shahnaz Davoudi: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing-original draft, Supervision.

Fereydoon Khazali: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing-original draft.

Disclosure statement

The author confirms that he has no conflicts of interest that would adversely influence this research. The research was supported by a grant from carried out with the help of the Islamic Azad University Islamshahr branch, Iran, and the facilities of the laboratory section in unit water treatment. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Data availability statement

The original contributions presented are included in the article. Further inquiries and all data can be the results in this current article.