Trimethylguanosine Nucleoside Inhibits Cross-Linking Between Snurportin 1 and m₃G-CAPPED U1 snRNA

Abstract

Macromolecular nuclear import is an energy-and signal-dependent process. The best characterized type of nuclear import consists of proteins carrying the classical NLS that is mediated by the heterodimeric receptor importin α/β. Spliceosomal snRNPs U1, U2, U4, and U5 nuclear import depend both on the 5’ terminal m₃G (trimethylguanosine) cap structure of the U snRNA and the Sm core domain. Snurportin 1 recognizes the m₃G-cap structure of m₃G-capped U snRNPs. In this report, we show how a synthesized trimethylguanosine nucleoside affects the binding of Snurportin 1 to m₃G-capped U1 snRNA in a UV-cross-linking assay. The data indicated that TMG nucleoside is an essential component required in the recognition by Snurportin 1, thus suggesting that interaction of Snurportin 1 with U1 snRNA is not strictly dependent on the presence of the whole cap structure, but rather on the presence of the TMG nucleoside structure. These results indicate that the free nucleoside TMG could be a candidate to be an inhibitor of the interaction between Snurportin 1 and U snRNAs. We also show the behavior of free TMG nucleoside in in vitro U snRNPs nuclear import.

Keywords:

• Trimethylguanosine Nucleoside
• TMG
• m₃GpppG Cap
• Snurportin 1
• Nuclear Import
• U snRNPs
• UV Cross-Linking Assay

We thank Drs. Iain Mattaj and Martin Hetzer for technical help and discussion. We are indebted to Dr. Renato A. Mortara for his help with confocal images. We are very grateful to Dr. Martin Hetzer for providing recombinant Snurportin 1. This work was supported by Plan Nacional BFU2005-00701 and the Polish Committee for Scientific Research (KBN) # 6 P04A 055 17. D.B. was a recipient of a CNPq Brazilian fellowship and EMBO and FEBS short-term fellowships