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Notes
1. Although there appears to be an even more radical idea floating about that involves introduction of a genetically modified herpes virus to spread the vaccine. “Instead of setting out bait to inoculate apes one by one” the idea is “to spread protection like a brushfire … pack an Ebola vaccine on the back of a virus that would spread from ape to ape, an infectious outbreak that would shield the animals rather than sicken them” (Hellerman Citation2015).
2. I am using the chimpanzees’ names, not numbers, in keeping with my genealogical research tracking chimpanzee use in biomedical and behavioral research since its inception in the United States. See Gruen (Citation2006), first100chimps.wesleyan.edu, and Adams and Parham (Citation2001).
3. Its important to note, as Gruen and colleagues (Citation2013) do, that reactive vaccination in response to an immediate disease outbreak, as is occurring with the use of the Merck vaccine in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) now, with humans, as well as other forms of experimental intervention in the face of high probability of immediate fatality may be ethically justified with appropriate scientific and ethical oversight in place.