Insights into Agricultural Soil Contamination by a Veterinary Antibiotic TYLOSIN Through Continuous Run-Off Conditions

ABSTRACT

Broad-spectrum veterinary antibiotic tylosin (TYL) is utilized in livestock and poultry. Due of its extensive usage and animal excretion in urine and feces, it affects the environment and human health. For determining the equilibrium time, the adsorption maximum capacity and the optimal isotherm model, adsorption batch tests have been conducted. Sips and Pseudo-second order models had R² values of 0.9937 and 0.9764, respectively, and best matched experimental isotherm and kinetic data. The maximum TYL uptake onto soil was 2355.08 mg.kg⁻¹. Using fixed bed adsorption experiments, the current study clarifies the issue of soil contamination in conditions that are close to natural phenomena. Fixed bed adsorption tests demonstrated that the inlet TYL concentration, soil bed height, and flow rate, influenced saturation and breakthrough times. Bohart-Adams, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson models matched the experimental findings well in a variety of conditions. With 100 mg.L⁻¹ concentration, 4 cm bed height, and 5 mL.min⁻¹ flow rate, the maximal bed capacity of 1277.06 mg.kg⁻¹ was achieved with R² value of 0.9797. Experimental findings also indicated that the adsorption capacity in batch and dynamic tests are of the same range of magnitude. Based on this, tylosin is a probable soil contaminant.

KEYWORDS:

• Tylosin
• continuous adsorption study
• breakthrough curves
• soil contamination
• risk assessment

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Nuclear Research Center of Draria (CRND) Algiers, Algeria for BET analysis, the National Organization of Technical Control of Public Works (CTTP) Algiers, Algeria for soil texture analysis, the National School of Mines and Metallurgy (ENSMM) of Annaba, Algeria for SEM-EDAX analysis and the National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria (INRA) for CEC and organic matter analysis.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The authors affirm that the data substantiating the findings of this research are accessible in the paper.