Combined Primary Frequency Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Turbine

Abstract

To ensure the proper operation of power system, some independent system operators have specified that wind power plants should be able to manipulate power output for frequency control. This article presents a combined control scheme which exploits the self-capability of permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbine to provide primary frequency response. Under normal condition, the wind turbine operates in de-loading mode to obtain the power reserve. Once frequency deviation is detected, the proposed control strategy can not only make use of the power reserve for frequency regulation by adjusting the rotor speed, but utilize the kinetic energy in rotor to provide frequency response as well. Besides, the energy stored in DC capacitor is also employed for frequency support. The simulation results reveal that the wind turbines with the proposed method can improve frequency performance under both constant wind speed condition and variable wind speed condition.

Keywords:

• permanent magnet synchronous generator
• wind turbine
• primary frequency control
• emulated inertia control
• rotor speed control
• DC-link voltage control

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Xiaoge Liu

Xiaoge Liu received his B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China, in 2012. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong. His research interests include wind turbine control and integration of renewable energy.

Zhao Xu

Zhao Xu is a Professor with The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, where he is currently Leader of Smart Grid research. He was previously with the Centre for Electric Power and Energy, Technical University of Denmark. He is currently an Editor for IEEE POWER ENGINEERING LETTERS, and Electric Power Components and Systems journal. He is serving as Deputy Chairman of IEEE PES joint Chapter, Hong Kong. His research interests include grid integration of renewable energies and EVs, electricity market planning and management, and big data and AI applications in power engineering.

Jian Zhao

Jian Zhao received the B.Eng. degree from Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, in 2017. Currently, he is working as an associate professor at Shanghai University of Electric Power, China. Dr. Zhao was a research assistant at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, and a visiting scholar at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA. He was a recipient of the 2016 IEEE PES Best Paper Reward. His research interests include distribution network operation and control, grid integration of electric vehicles and renewable energies.