Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of Wind Power System: An Least Squares-Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel Approach

Abstract

The present paper discusses the structural, operational and control complexity of present day modern power systems in the wake of addition of electrical energy from wind turbines. The automatic generation control (AGC) problem of interconnected power system incorporating doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbines has been formulated and the investigations under various system operating conditions are presented. A two-area power system with DFIG-based wind turbines in each area are considered for the investigations. The system non-linearities such as governor dead-band and generation rate constraint are incorporated in the system dynamic model development. A novel AGC scheme using a non-linear least squares-support vector machine is proposed in the work. The proposed regulator is trained using a reliable data set consisting of wide range of operating conditions and area load changes generated by robust control technique. The results obtained with proposed regulator are compared with that achieved with multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and conventional PI regulators under various system operating conditions. The investigations carried out in the work have effectively demonstrated the superiority over MLP and conventional PI-based AGC regulators.

Keywords:

• automatic generation control, DFIG support wind turbines, robust control, ANN, SVM, LS-SVM, RBF kernel
• ANN
• SVM
• LS-SVM
• RBF kernel

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Gulshan Sharma

Gulshan Sharma is presently working as Senior Lecturer in Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa. He obtained his B. Tech in Electrical Engineering from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India in 2007, M. Tech in Power System from Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India in 2009 and PhD from Electrical Engineering Department, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India in 2015. He was a post doctoral research fellow at Faculty of EBIT, University of Pretoria, South Africa from 2015 to 2016. He has published a number of research papers in international journals of high repute and has been continuously engaged in guiding research activities at graduate/post-graduate and Ph.D. levels. His area of interest includespower system operation and control, renewable power generation, FACTS and application of AI techniques to power systems.

Ibraheem Nasiruddin

Ibraheem Nasiruddin is presently working as professor in Department of Electrical Engineering, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on leave from the Departmentof Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JamiaMilliaIslamia (Central University), New Delhi, India, where he is currently a Professor. He has published a number of research papers in national/international journals and has been continuously engaged in guidingresearch activities at graduate/post-graduate and Ph.D. levels. His research interests are power system operation and control, energy management, soft computing techniques, deregulation, smart electric grid and renewable energy systems.

K. R. Niazi

Khaleequr Rehman Niazi has over 25 years of teaching and research experience. Currently he is Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India. He has published over 100 papers in journals and conferences of high repute. He has supervised several PhD and masters students. His diversified research interests include the areas of conventional power & renewable energy systems including power system stability, distribution network reconfiguration, FACTS, application of AI and ANN techniques to power systems

R. C. Bansal

Ramesh C. Bansal has more than 25 years of teaching, research & industrial experience. Currently he is the Professor and Group head (Power) in the Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. In previous postings he was with the University of Queensland, Australia, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India; the University of the South Pacific, Fiji; and Civil Construction Wing, All India Radio. He has published over 275 papers in journals and conferences. Prof. Bansal is an Editor/Associate Editor of many reputed journals including IET-Renewable Power Generation and Electric Power Components and Systems. He is a Fellow, and CEngg IET-UK, Fellow Engineers Australia, Fellow Institution of Engineers (India) and Senior Member-IEEE. His diversified research interests include the areas of renewable energy and conventional power systems which include wind, PV, hybrid power systems, distributed generation, smart grid, FACTS and power quality.