Load Frequency Control for Unequal Multi-Area Power System by Generation Control Strategy Using CFO (PR)² Controller

Abstract

An interconnected system is raised by integrating different generators in the power system of multiple areas that satisfies varying load demand. Frequency fluctuations occur in the system due to the interconnection of multiple generators. The voltage variations in any area may induce frequency variations in the system. Hence to solve the issue, a cascade fractional order proportional resonant (CFO(PR)²) controller is proposed in this work. The objective of a control model is to reduce the error function; hence the controller is tuned by a highly efficient optimization model named an average and subtraction-based optimizer (ASBO). The proposed controller’s results are compared with the existing controllers to check the performance efficacy. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed controller performs better regarding lower errors. Finally, the model is tested under four scenarios by randomly changing the load at a different area.

Keywords:

• cascade controller
• proportional resonant controller
• fractional orders
• frequency deviation
• tie-line power
• average and subtraction-based optimizer
• automatic generation control and multi-area system

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Data sharing is not applicable to this article.

Additional information

Funding

No funding is provided for the preparation of the manuscript.

Notes on contributors

Swetha Kannepally

Swetha Kannepally was a Part-time Research scholar in Electrical and Electronics Engineering at JNTU - GV College of Engineering, Vizianagaram. She has about 17 years of teaching experience. She received her B.Tech degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering and M. Tech. degree in Power Systems from JNTU University, Kakinada. She has published 3 research papers in refereed international journals and 2 research papers in the proceedings of various international conferences.

Darapureddi Vijaya Kumar

Darapureddi Vijaya Kumar completed his B.E, M.E and Ph.D from Andhra University in the years of 1997, 2000 and 2010. He had 23 Years of Teaching Experience in various Engineering Colleges. Presently, He is working as Professor in EEE Department and Dean-Academics at Aditya Institute of technology and management, Tekkali, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. His research interests are in Power systems, Control systems, and Smart grids.

Venkata Swarna Vakula

Venkata Swarna Vakula is B.Tech from Osmania University and M.Tech from JNTU Hyderabad and Ph.D from JNTU Kakinada. She had 44 publications in various journals. She is a Senior Member of IEEE, Life Member ISTE and presently working as an Assistant Professor of EEE Department in JNTU - GV college of Engineering, Vizianagaram.