Optimizing Distributed Generation Placement and Profit Maximization in Active Distribution Networks with Harmonics: A GEPSO Approach

Abstract

Distribution networks (DN) have become active due to distributed generation (DG) at the distribution level. In addition, locational marginal pricing techniques are commonly employed in electricity market transactions. Moreover, the adoption of nodal pricing will lead to a reduction in expenses. Pure sinusoidal waveforms of currents and voltages are used to calculate losses in linear power systems and loads. Due to non-linearities, harmonic frequencies may impact most power systems. The research examines nodal pricing, harmonic losses, and optimal DG size and placement to maximize profit. This arrangement is implemented to maximize the revenues of DN that have included DG to gain several benefits. An innovative model is utilized, known as generalized particle swarm optimization (GEPSO), in the study to achieve the goals of profit maximization and DG placement in the network, even in the presence of harmonics. GEPSO was selected for optimization due to the dynamic nature of active DN with DG, the need to accommodate changing nodal prices, the complexity of power system modeling, and the need to maximize distribution profits. It is suitable for this context because it can handle dynamic, multi-objective tasks and adapt to evolving challenges.

Keywords:

• distribution system
• distributed generation placement
• nodal pricing
• locational marginal pricing (LMP)
• harmonic losses

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Sapna Ladwal

Sapna Ladwal research scholar in Electrical Engineering Department of DCR university of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana. She has completed B. Tech degree from Nation Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana (NIT Kurukshetra) in Electrical Engineering. Completed M. Tech from Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Rajasthan (MNIT Jaipur) & pursuing Ph.D from DCR university of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana in Electrical Engineering. Published 1 International conferences and 1 Web of Science indexed journal. Areas of interest are Power Systems, Power System Management, Renewable Energy sources, Smart Grid, Optimization.

Anil Kumar

Anil Kumar presently working as Assistant professor in Electrical Engineering Department of DCR university of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana. He has 11 years of teaching and industrial experience. Completed B. Tech (Year 2004–2008) degree from NIT Kurukshetra in Electrical Engineering. Completed M. Tech (Year 2009–2011) & Ph. D (Year 2014–2019) from DCR university of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana in Electrical Engineering. Published 11 international Journals and 07 International conferences. 21 M.Tech students guided under the guidance. Areas of interest are Power Systems, Renewable Energy sources, Smart and Micro Grid.