Late levels of nested occupancy scheme in random environment

Abstract

Consider a weighted branching process generated by a point process on $[0,1],$ whose atoms sum up to one. Then the weights of all individuals in any given generation sum up to one, as well. We define a nested occupancy scheme in random environment as the sequence of balls-in-boxes schemes (with random probabilities) in which boxes of the jth level, $j=1,2,\dots$ are identified with the jth generation individuals and the hitting probabilities of boxes are identified with the corresponding weights. The collection of balls is the same for all generations, and each ball starts at the root and moves along the tree of the weighted branching process according to the following rule: transition from a mother box to a daughter box occurs with probability given by the ratio of the daughter and mother weights. Assuming that there are n balls, we give a full classification of regimes of the a.s. convergence for the number of occupied (ever hit) boxes in the jth level, properly normalized, as n and j = j_n grow to $\infty .$ Here, ${(j_n)}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ is a sequence of positive numbers growing proportionally to $\text{log}\hspace{0.17em}n.$ We call such levels late, for the nested occupancy scheme gets extinct in the levels which grow super-logarithmically in n in the sense that each occupied box contains one ball. Also, in some regimes we prove the strong laws of large numbers (a) for the number of the jth level boxes which contain at least k balls, $k\ge 2$ and (b) under the assumption that the mean number of the first level boxes is finite, for the number of empty boxes in the jth level.

Keywords:

• Branching random walk
• infinite occupancy
• occupancy scheme
• random environment
• strong law of large numbers

Notes

1 That is, $(a_1,\dots a_j)\prec (b_1,\dots b_j)$ if there exists $i\le j$ such that a_i < b_i and a_r = b_r for all r < i.

Additional information

Funding

B.M. is partially supported by the ANR grant MALIN10.13039/501100001665 (ANR-16-CE93-0003) and by LABEX MME-DII.