Predicting Child Abuse Potential: An Empirical Investigation of Two Theoretical Frameworks

Abstract

This study investigated two theoretical risk models predicting child maltreatment potential: (a) Belsky's (1993) developmental-ecological model and (b) the cumulative risk model in a sample of 610 caregivers (49% African American, 46% European American; 53% single) with a child between 3 and 6 years old. Results extend the literature by using a widely accepted and valid risk instrument rather than occurrence rates (e.g., reports to child protective services, observations). Results indicated Belsky's developmental-ecological model, in which risk markers were organized into three separate conceptual domains, provided a poor fit to the data. In contrast, the cumulative risk model, which included the accumulation of risk markers, was significant in predicting child abuse potential.

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grant R49/CCR 522339 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the second author. The support and encouragement of Linda Anne Valle, Ph.D., Judith C. Conger, Ph.D., and Christopher Eckhardt, Ph.D., is gratefully acknowledged, as is their critical feedback on an earlier version of the article. The study's findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This study would not have been possible without the collaboration of Marsha Hearn-Lindsey, Director, Child Care Answers, Indianapolis; of all the parents and children who participated in various aspects of the research; and of staff members who played major roles in data collection and program implementation, including Amanda Mosby, Sharon Hampton, and Stephanie Wynder. Their help and encouragement are gratefully acknowledged.

Notes

Note. N = 610.

*p < .05. **p < .01.

***p < .001.