Adjustment of children in joint custody and associated variables: A systematic review

Abstract

This systematic review examines studies conducted since the year 2000 on the adjustment of children (0-18 years) in joint custody (30/70%) and on the associated family factors (i.e., parenting and interparental conflict). Studies were extracted following PRISMA. Sixteen quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen assessed internalizing adjustment and 10 examined externalizing adjustment. Only 2 were rated as having high quality. Limitations included cross-sectional design, reliance in single informant, failure to adjust for important characteristics and no theoretical approach. The results show that the adjustment level of children in joint custody is as good, if not better, than that of those in sole custody. It also shows however that interparental conflict, parental practices, and the parents’ mental health generally play a more influential role. In regard to conflictual contexts, studies are beginning to identify, particularly in joint custody, risk factors such as strict arrangements and concerns about the children’s safety.

Keywords:

• Child custody
• divorce
• interparental conflict
• parenting
• well-being

Acknowledgments

The first author acknowledges S. Drapeau, V. Lachance and H. Ivers for their contribution and comments in the writing of this paper. The authors acknowledge that this research has been supported by the Center de Recherche sur L’adaptation des Jeune et des Familles à Risque, Laval University, Québec, Canada.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Ethical standards and informed consent

No experimentation was carried out involving human subjects.