Relationship between knowledge level of HIV/AIDS patient with antiretroviral adherence in primary healthcare service in Malang City

Abstract

The prevalence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to increase every year and become a serious global problem. Antiretroviral (ARV) is a therapy for People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) that must be consumed for life to inhibit the HIV/AIDS virus and improve the quality of life. Therefore, adherence is the main focus in ARV therapy. Knowledge is one of the factors that support the level of adherence in ARV therapy. This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study by providing a questionnaire consisting of 85 PLWHA on February-March 2021 at Public Health Center Dinoyo Malang City. The instrument HIV Knowledge Questionnaire (HIV-KQ-18) and Adherence to Refills and Medication Scale (ARMS). The research showed significant relationship between the level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS in PLWHA patients with level of adherence to the use of ARV drugs at Public Health Center Dinoyo Malang City used Chi Square analysis (p value = .019).

ABSTRAK

Peningkatan prevalensi dari Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) terus meningkat setiap tahun dimana sudah menjadi masalah global yang serius. Antiretroviral (ARV) merupakan terapi bagi ODHA yang harus dikonsumsi seumur hidup untuk menghambat virus HIV/AIDS dan memperbaiki kualitas hidup penderita. Oleh karenanya kepatuhan menjadi fokus utama dalam menjalankan terapi ARV. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan HIV/AIDS pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) terhadap tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat ARV di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif cross-sectional dengan menggunakan kuesioner HIV Knowledge Questionnaire (HIV-KQ-18) dan Adherence to Refills and Medication Scale (ARMS) yang diisi oleh 85 pasien ODHA yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang pada bulan Februari-Maret 2021 dan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan HIV/AIDS pada ODHA terhadap tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat ARV di Puskesmas Dinoyo Kota Malang yang dibuktikan melalui analisis Chi Square dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.019 (p < .05).

Keywords:

• Antiretroviral
• ARV
• HIV/AIDS
• level of knowledge
• level of adherence

Kata kunci:

• Antiretroviral
• ARV terapi
• HIV/AIDS
• Tingkat Pengetahuan
• Tingkat Kepatuhan

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the pharmacists who helped with the data collection process in Malang, Indonesia. We would also like to thank all the HIV/AIDS patients in Dinoyo Public Health Center Malang that participated in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Availability of data and materials

The data used/or analyzed during the current study is available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the University of Muhammadiyah Malang under Internal Rearch Grant.