Nonprogression Through Graduated Driver Licensing: Characteristics, Traffic Offending, and Reasons for Nonprogression

Abstract

Objectives: In a graduated driver license environment, (1) compare nonprogressors with progressors in terms of prelearner license sociodemographic and behavioral factors, (2) determine whether nonprogressors were more likely to have had a traffic offense than progressors, and (3) determine why nonprogressors chose not to progress.

Methods: Our study population was that of the New Zealand Drivers Study (NZDS), a prospective cohort study of newly licensed drivers designed to explore the relationship between a comprehensive range of driving and traffic safety related factors and subsequent traffic crashes and convictions among newly licensed drivers. Nonprogressors, those who had not progressed from a learner to a restricted license 2 years after being eligible to do so, were compared with progressors in terms of their sociodemographic, behavioral characteristics, and traffic offense outcomes.

Results: Nonprogressors represented 38 percent of the cohort and had different sociodemographic and behavioral profiles than progressors. A delay in progression was associated with reduced risk of being a traffic offender. The primary reasons reported for nonprogression were too lazy or busy or limited access to the means to drive.

Conclusion: Before restricting how long a novice driver can hold a learner license, as has been suggested by the Ministry of Transport, consideration should be given to the potential increased risk of offending once unsupervised driving is permitted.

Keywords:

• Youth
• Drivers
• Offenses
• Licensing

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand, the Road Safety Trust, and the Accident Compensation Corporation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of all of the research assistants and community organizations that recruited the study cohort and the study participants for their ongoing contribution to this study. We also thank Sarah Derrett for her critical appraisal of an earlier version of this article.