Spherical Cap Studs: A novel speed bump alternative to reduce discomfort with effective speed reduction

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study is to assess the potential of Spherical Cap Studs (SCS) as a substitute for conventional speed bumps, with a focus on limiting two wheeler speed while minimizing discomfort to riders by comparing the speed reduction capabilities and discomfort levels associated with SCS and speed bumps.

Methods

The study uses experimental approach to compare the speed limiting ability and discomfort caused to rider by the proposed SCS and a standard speed bump. Speed profiles were developed for two wheelers passing over both SCS and speed bump. The parameter employed to compare speed profiles is the Mean Absolute Percentage Difference (MAPD), offering valuable insights into how effectively the two traffic calming measures reduce two wheeler speeds. To compare discomfort, the study calculates the ‘Vibration Dose Value’ (VDV) experienced by riders when traversing both speed bump and SCS. Additionally, ‘Static Compressive Stress’ (S_e) applied to the spinal cord is also calculated in both scenarios.

Results

The analysis of speed profiles reveals an MAPD value of 13.70% indicating that SCS exhibits speed reduction capabilities comparable to traditional speed bump. In terms of discomfort, the VDV for two wheelers passing over a speed bump is measured at 5.92 m/s^1.75, whereas the VDV for SCS is found to be 5.16 m/s^1.75. Similarly, the Static Compressive Stress (S_e) experienced at a speed bump is 0.60 MPa, in contrast to the 0.33 MPa recorded for SCS. This data underscores a noteworthy 12.8% reduction in VDV and a substantial 45.57% reduction in S_e.

Conclusion

The study’s findings support the potential adoption of SCS as an effective alternative to conventional speed bumps for controlling two wheeler speeds. SCS demonstrate a speed reduction capability similar to that of traditional speed bumps while significantly alleviating discomfort for riders. SCS is expected to be a promising solution for traffic calming purposes in various settings, such as markets, residential areas, institutional campuses, and parking lots.

Keywords:

• Spherical cap studs
• speed bump
• static compressive stress
• vibration dose value
• speed breaker
• discomfort

Subject classification codes:

• speeding
• spine injury
• injury
• traffic calming

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the help of Mr. Hemang Dalwadi and Ms. Tithi Sathwara during data collection in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Nirma University Funded Minor Research Project under Grant NU/DRI/MinResPrj/IT/2022-23/23.