The 24-Hour Sleep Patterns Interview: A Pilot Study of Validity and Feasibility

Abstract

The purpose of this project was to examine the validity and feasibility of the 24-Hour Sleep Patterns Interview (24-Hour SPI) as a measure of sleep continuity (bedtime, wake time, sleep onset latency, total sleep time) and sleep quality. Two studies were completed. The first study (n = 154) compared the 24-Hour SPI with a 2-week sleep diary, and the second study (n = 32) compared the 24-Hour SPI with actigraphy, sleep diary, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Both studies found a significant relation between the 24-Hour SPI and established measures of sleep patterns and sleep quality. The sensitivity and feasibility were also examined by data completion rates, differences in weekday and weekend sleep patterns, and qualitative feedback from participants. This pilot study supports the use of the 24-Hour SPI as a valid and feasible measure of subjective sleep patterns for research, especially for researchers with limited budgets or who are primarily interested in subjective sleep outcomes. Additional research with larger and broader samples is needed to further validate this approach.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was supported, in part, by the National Sleep Foundation's Pickwick Postdoctoral Fellowship in Sleep.

We thank Jenna Fulton and Christine Leas for their assistance with data collection, and Dr. Phil Gehrman for his feedback on an early version of this article.

Notes

∗p < .001.

∗p < .001.

∗p = .004.

^∗∗ p < .001.

∗p < .005.

^∗∗ p = .001.

^∗∗∗ p < .001.