Validation of the Korean version of the Sleep Hygiene Practice Scale in a Non-Clinical Population

ABSTRACT

Objectives

This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the sleep hygiene practice scale (SHPS-K) and determine its effectiveness in screening poor sleepers with insomnia.

Methods

Online survey was conducted using translated SHPS in Korean, the Korean versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-K), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (KESS) in a non-clinical population. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the SHPS-K were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), respectively. Construct validity was evaluated using correlation analyses with other questionnaires and confirmatory factor analysis. We determined the cutoff values that could identify poor sleepers with insomnia symptoms (PSQI-K > 5 and ISI-K ≥ 15) using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results

A total of 484 participants (242 women, mean age of 43.8 years) were enrolled. The average SHPS-K score was 71.2, with no significant sex differences. Women had poorer sleep scheduling and timing behaviors, and men had poorer eating and drinking behaviors. Good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.80) were observed. The SHPS-K was positively correlated with the PSQI-K (r = 0.55), ISI-K (r = 0.54), and KESS (r = 0.42). A cutoff value of 73 identified poor sleepers with insomnia (area under the curve = 0.828).

Conclusions

The SHPS-K is a reliable instrument for evaluating sleep hygiene in non-clinical Korean populations.

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Byungjin Choe for participating in backtranslation of SHPS-K.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions

Conceptualization: Kim DY, Kim JH

Data curation: Kim DY

Formal analysis: Lee HA

Methodology: Yun JY, Kim JH

Validation: Song P, An HY, Yang CM

Investigation: Kim DY, Yun JY, Kim JH

Writing – original draft: Kim DY, Yun JY, Kim JH

Writing – review & editing: Song P, Yang CM, Kim JH

Supplementary Material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2024.2367461.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Ewha Womans University Research Grant of 2021 and the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF] grant by the Korea government [Ministry of Science and ICT] [No. 2021R1G1A1095175].