Nano-Fe₃O₄@rGO@ZnO-H₃PW₁₂O₄₀ as a recoverable magnetic catalyst for one-pot synthesis of benzo[f]furo[2, 3-h]quinoxaline-5, 6-dicarbonitrile under solvent-free conditions

Abstract

A magnetic core-shell nanoparticle catalyst (MCNPs) (Fe₃O₄@rGO@ZnO-HPA) (HPA = H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) has been used as a reusable solid catalyst for the one-pot, four-component microwave-assisted under solvent-free conditions synthesis of benzo[f]furo[2,3-h] quinoxaline-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives by the reaction of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, diaminomaleonitrile, and phenacyl bromides. Mild reaction conditions and excellent yields are the main advantages of this method. The structural, morphological, magnetically, optical and chemical bonding studies; X-ray diffraction, FESEM, TEM, VSM, UV-Vis, and FTIR measurements were carried out. the results of the above analyses demonstrated core-shell the structure is formed. As an application for the synthesized structure, the degradation of methylene blue as a heavy-mass organic pollutions were measured.

Keywords:

• Core-shell nanoparticle
• microwave irradiation
• multi-component reactions (MCRs)
• recoverable catalyst
• solvent-free

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research Council of the University of the Islamic Azad University of Yazd.