Dilemmas of Developing a State Infrastructure for Peace in the Case of Peru

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Notes

^*This briefing reflects the extensive work done in Peru on evaluating the conflict transformation capacities of public institutions, on training of government officials and civil society representatives, and on proposals for mechanisms and protocols for the development of a conflict management system. The author has published a diagnosis of conflict management institutions in Peru and a public policy proposal for a conflict management system. She has contributed to the policy drafting on Guidelines and Strategies for the Management of Social Conflicts (R.M.161-2011-PCM), and the Intervention Guidelines Proposal for the Management of Social Conflict for Regional Governments. She has trained seven regional government and ministries teams in conflict analysis and resolution.

¹ Fujimori's oppressive regime (1990–2000) was followed by the governments of Toledo (2001–2006), Garcia (2006–2011) and Ollanta Humala (2011–2016).

² ‘Dialogue tables’ are a form of problem solving, negotiation or dialogue processes – convened by a neutral third party such as the Ombudsperson's office, the church or the state – in which the actors in conflict come together to discuss certain issues related to their conflict or problem. In Peru, there have been more than 500 dialogue tables during the last 15 years. Since most of them have been facilitated without an established methodology, protocols and evaluation, the processes vary in their outcomes, accomplishment, nature and degree of the participants' satisfaction.

³ The National Office for Dialogue and Sustainability undertakes, in one of its ‘considerations’, to perform its functions through a dialogue that contributes to the sustainability of the investments and social peace, strengthening democracy and the state of law.

⁴ See Red Muqui: www.muqui.org/observatorio

⁵ See IPROGA (Institute for the Promotion of Water Management): www.iproga.org.pe/index.php?option = com_content&view = article&id = 53&Itemid = 69

⁶ See CEAS (Episcopal Commission of Social Action): www.ceas.org.pe/index.php?option = com_content&view = article&id = 262:publican-primer-reporte-del-observatorio-de-conflictos-amazonicos

⁷ See Huamani Ober, Giselle, Sandro Macassi Lavander, Julio Alegria Galarreta, and Telmo Rojas Alcalde. 2012. Hacia una mejor gestión de los conflictos socio ambientales en el Perú (Toward better management of social-environmental conflicts). Lima: Consortium for Social and Economic Research.

⁸ About 250 cases had been reported at the time of writing.