To Design an off Gird PV System for un electrified area of District Tharparkar, Pakistan

ABSTRACT

Now a day, government as well as public interest is diverting toward renewable energy, because of limited conventional energy resources and their negative impacts on the environment. For instance, in the case of Pakistan, main problem that is being faced by Pakistan currently, is the energy crises as a result of growing urbanization and industrialization, proper un billing, power theft, and transmission and distribution losses of almost 20% to 30%. In this paper, an attempt is made to install an off grid solar PV system for Pakistan’s desert area which is almost 95% un-electrified, also complete sizing and cost analysis is being done to determine the proper rating of PV solar panel, battery capacity, inverter size, and charge controller according to their loads. It is observed from the results that per unit cost of energy generated from solar power plant is less as compared to per unit cost of energy provided by national gird, total cost for electrification of all houses will be 92,920,203 rupees by off grid solar and 147,078,372 rupees from grid; same way total cost for electrification of all houses will be 1,869,715 rupees by off grid solar and 3,883,866 rupees from grid for less and more populated areas, respectively. Energy cost by solar will be about 63% less than that of utility/grid, therefore with the installation of an off gird PV system a huge amount of money about 674,067,832 Pakistani rupees can be saved per year.

KEYWORDS:

• Un-electrified
• sizing
• cost analysis
• off gird PV system
• tharparkar
• pakistan

Highlights

• In this paper, cost analysis for designing of PV off grid system is focused.

• Off grid PV system provides electricity at lower rate as compared to national grid.

• Annual energy cost by solar will be about 63% less than that of utility/grid.

Nomenclature

PV = Photovoltaic

AC = Alternating Current

DC = Direct current

TW = Tera Watts

TOE = Tons of oil equivalent

KWh/day = Kilo Watts hour per day

MW = Mega watts

KWhm²d⁻¹ = Kilo Watts hour per meter square per day

CO₂ = Carbon di oxide

CO = Carbon mono oxide

SO₂ = Sulphur di oxide

Symbol and Notations

MJ/m² = Mega joule per meter square

Cal/cm² = Calories per centimeter square

% = Percentage

Wp = Peak Watts

$ = Dollar

Kg = Kilo grams

h = Hours

A = Ampere

AH = Ampere Hour

PKR = Pakistani Rupees

× = Multiplication

+ = Addition

== Equal to

/= Division

P_rated = Rated Power

e = Exponential function

Abbreviations

IEA = International Energy Agency

REP = Rural Electrification Project

D.G khan = Dera Ghazi Khan

NEPRA = National Electric Power supply Regulation Authority

GDP = Gross Domestic Production

PWM = Pulse wave modulated

MPPT = Maximum power point

LED = Light Emitting Diode

TV = Television

AGM = Absorbent glass mat

Acknowledgments

The authors are thanking the Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro for providing the necessary facilities for doing this research.

Declaration of interests

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.