A new physics-based solar reconfigured model to enhance efficiency under partial shading conditions: Experimental feasibility

ABSTRACT

Maximum power generation from solar modules is adversely affected by partial shading conditions. To strengthen and obtain feasible output under any complex shadings, a new double diode model with deterioration factor (DDM-DF) is proposed for the optimal selection of shading patterns. It is used to validate the effectiveness of the novel heuristic approach called time-distance-constrained topology (D-CT). The novel D-CT is compared with conventional techniques (bridge link (BL), series-parallel (S-P), total cross-tied (TCT)), conventional puzzles (sudoku (SDK), magic-square (M-SP)), and recently reconfigured techniques (permutation-combination (PCR), knight-tour (KTR)). In this paper, the experimental study validates the outcomes obtained by MATLAB/SIMULINK results under various realistic shadings. Experimental results prove that the novel proposed D-CT enhances the efficiency by 5.45%, 3.57%, and 3.54% over TCT, PCR, and KTR under inverted-L shading. Further, the minimum and maximum mismatch loss reduced by the proposed D-CT is up to 1.90% and 97.61% under top shading against SDK and S-P respectively. The real-time validation for the proposed novel 4×4 D-CT under pi and diagonal shading exhibits greater performance parameter enhancement of a solar array subjected to shadings in correlation with other models.

KEYWORDS:

• Distance-constrained topology
• double-diode model
• knight-tour reconfiguration
• solar array
• total-cross tied

Nomenclature

KCL	=	Kirchoff’s current law
V	=	Output voltage of PV cell (V)
ZPSC	=	Insolation level under PSC (W/m2)
n1, n2	=	Diode’s ideality factor
NCR	=	New contour reconfiguration
ID1, ID2	=	Diode currents (A)
k	=	Boltzmann constant (1.38 $\times$ 10−23J/K)
VPD	=	Vertical percentage degradation (%)
BH	=	Combined shaded module horizontally
q	=	Electron charge (1.602 $\times$ 10−19 C)
DDM	=	Double diode model
RS	=	Series resistance (Ω)
HPD	=	Horizontal percentage degradation
RP	=	Parallel resistance (Ω)
IPH	=	Current of a photon (A)
S	=	Series
S-P	=	Series-Parallel
I	=	Output current of PV cell (A)
T	=	Operating temperature (deg C)
I01, I02	=	Diode reverse saturation current (A)
TPD	=	Total percentage degradation
IP	=	Parallel current (A)
TT	=	Triple-Tied

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.