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ABSTRACT
Vibration in vehicles causes discomfort and poor safety for passengers. The dynamic activities of the engine, transmission, and wheel system impact vehicle vibration. Engine vibration is the primary cause of noise and instability. It mainly depends on the combustion, engine load, speed, ignition delay, etc. Modifying injection timing (IT) and injection pressure (IP) was an effective way to improve performance. Earlier investigations by authors revealed that a 20% biodiesel blend with advanced IT and higher IP resulted in better combustion and lesser emissions except NOx. This paper evaluates the vibration of diesel engine fueled with Ceiba pentandra biodiesel at various IT (21° to 27° BTDC) and also at various IP (200 to 260 bar). Vibrations in all three axes were studied and compared with diesel at 23° IT and 200 bar. Blending of B20 significantly decreases vibration, with arms values falling to 18.08, 11.90, and 31.04 in X, Y, and Z directions, which were 2–4% lesser than diesel fuel at 23°BTDC. Further advancing the IT to 27°, engine vibration was reduced by 8%. Higher IP (260 bar) slightly increased engine vibration by 3%. Thus, substantially advancing the IT and optimum IP resulted in smoother operation of the diesel engine.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Nomenclature
| B0 | = | 100% of diesel |
| B20 | = | 20% of Ceiba pentandra biodiesel+80% of diesel |
| BSFC | = | Brake specific fuel consumption |
| BTDC | = | Before top dead center |
| BTE | = | Brake thermal efficiency |
| CI | = | Compression ignition |
| CO | = | Carbon oxide |
| CO2 | = | Carbon dioxide |
| CN | = | Cetane number |
| CNT | = | Carbon nanotube |
| CP | = | Cylinder pressure |
| CR | = | Compression ratio |
| EGR | = | Exhaust gas recirculation |
| EGT | = | Exhaust gas temperature |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbon |
| HRR | = | Heat release rate |
| ID | = | Ignition delay |
| IP | = | Injection pressure |
| IT | = | Injection timing |
| NOx | = | Nitrogen oxides |
| PME | = | Palm methyl ester |
| RMS | = | Root mean square |
| SCR | = | Selective catalytic reduction |
| SFC | = | Specific fuel consumption |