Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers Reinforced in Polyurethane for Sorption of Vegetal Oil

ABSTRACT

To enhance the removal of vegetal oil from water, the influence of the concentration of fibers from sugarcane bagasse pretreated by the steam explosion as reinforcement in polyurethane foam was used. The composites were obtained by mass mixing the polyol with the prepolymer (1: 1) and reinforced with 5% to 20% (wt/wt) sugarcane bagasse fibers. The fibers, composites and pure polyurethane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Surface area measurements (BET). Sorption tests were carried out on the fibers, pure polyurethane (PU) and composites. The sorption capacity of the composites was evaluated as a function of the fiber content inserted in the matrix. When applied as the oil sorbents, it was found that the composites reinforced with pretreated fibers presented better results, due to defibrillation of the fiber and the increase of its contact area dispersed in the polymer. Efficient removal increases with increasing concentration of fibers reinforced in polyurethane.

摘要

为了加强从水中去除植物油，使用蒸汽爆炸作为聚氨酯泡沫强化物的预处理甘蔗渣中纤维浓度的影响. 复合材料通过将聚醇与预聚合物（1：1）大规模混合，用5至20%（wt /wt）甘蔗渣纤维进行强化. 纤维、复合材料和纯聚氨酯的特点是扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和表面积测量（BET）. 对纤维、纯聚氨酯（PU）和复合材料进行了吸附试验. 合成物的吸附能力被评估为插入矩阵中的纤维含量的函数. 当作为油吸附剂应用时，发现用预处理纤维增强的复合材料由于纤维的除颤和分散在聚合物中的接触面积的增加而产生更好的效果. 随着聚氨酯中增强的纤维浓度的增加，高效去除会增加.

KEYWORDS:

• Sugarcane bagasse
• surface treatment
• polyurethane
• composites
• oil sorption
• oil retention

关键词:

• 甘蔗甘蔗渣
• 表面处理
• 聚氨酯
• 复合材料
• 油吸附
• 油保持