Sustainable Coloration of Protein Fibers Using Kalanchoe-Pinnata Leaf Extract

ABSTRACT

A natural dye for dyeing textiles was extracted from Kalanchoe-pinnata leaf powder using aqueous extraction and characterized by determining the radical scavenging activity (%), tannin content, flavonoid and phenolic content, FTIR, and UV-visible absorption analysis. Protein fabrics, i.e., wool, silk, soya, and milk were dyed by optimizing dyeing time, temperature, pH and MLR conditions with and without mordants. The dyed fabrics were assessed for their color strength, fastness properties, ultraviolet protection factor, and antibacterial properties. The result of the study shows that obtained Kalanchoe-pinnata leaf extract has good anti-oxidant properties being 84.92% of radical scavenging activity, possesses good coloration, affinity for textile material and functional properties being high content of tannin, flavonoid, and phenolic compounds. Wool and silk showed very good affinity for the dye extract and fastness behavior followed by soya and milk fabrics. Wool shows ultraviolet protection factor while there is no significant effect on silk, soya, and milk fabrics as these fabrics are very thin in structure. The aqueous extract as well as all the dyed samples also exhibit excellent anti-bacterial activity against S-aurous and E-coli. Thus, Kalanchoe-pinnata leaf extract can be a better sustainable substitute to synthetic dyes for dyeing of protein fabrics.

摘要

以Kalanchoe-pinnata叶粉为原料，采用水提法提取纺织品染色用天然染料，测定其自由基清除率、单宁含量、黄酮含量、酚含量、FTIR和紫外可见吸收光谱. 通过优化染色时间、温度、pH值和MLR条件，对羊毛、丝绸、大豆和牛奶等蛋白质织物进行了媒染剂和无媒染剂染色.对染色织物的色强、牢度、紫外线防护系数和抗菌性能进行了评价. 研究结果表明，Kalanchoe-pinnata 叶提取物具有良好的抗氧化性能，清除自由基活性为84.92%，具有良好的着色性、对纺织材料的亲和力以及单宁、黄酮和酚类化合物含量高的功能特性. 羊毛和丝绸对染料的提取和染色牢度表现出很好的亲和力，其次是大豆和牛奶织物. 羊毛具有防紫外线的作用，但对真丝、大豆和牛奶织物没有显著影响，因为这些织物的结构非常薄. 水提物和所有染色样品对S-金和大肠杆菌也表现出良好的抗菌活性. 因此，Kalanchoe-pinnata叶提取物是一种较好的蛋白质织物染色用合成染料的可持续替代品.

KEYWORDS:

• Kalanchoe-pinnata
• anti-oxidant
• anti-microbial
• mordants
• scavenging Activity (%)
• natural extract

关键词:

• 抗氧化剂
• 抗微生物
• 媒染剂
• 清除活性，%
• 天然提取物

Authors’ contributions

The design of the study, experiments, interpretation of the data, writing of the paper, and all correspondences and revisions were performed by Neetu Rani. The experiments were performed by Neetu Rani under the guidance and supervision of Dr. Lalit Jajpura and Dr. B.S. Butola.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Department of Fashion Technology, BPSMV, Khanpur Kalan and Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi for providing technical assistance for the study.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher’s website.