Determining the Crystallinity Index of Cellulose in Chemically and Mechanically Extracted Banana Fiber for the Synthesis of Nanocellulose

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify the best method of extracting cellulose from lignocellulosic fibers based on crystallinity index in the preparation of nanocellulose. Cellulose fibers were extracted by chemical and mechanical methods from Embul variety (AAB) of banana. The chemically extracted cellulose were developed into nanocellulose using acid hydrolysis, as it showed ahigher crystallinity index (61.7%) in the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis compared to mechanical extraction (50.8%). The crystallinity index of nanocellulose showed abetter value (70.7%) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that there are changes of bonding patterns of active groups at different stages of extraction process. Further, the fiber yield is lower in chemical extraction compared to mechanical extraction method. The finding reveals that the method of fiber extraction has great influence on quantity and quality of the cellulosic materials to be used, in commercial utilization.

摘要

本研究旨在根据结晶度指数确定从木质纤维中提取纤维素的最佳方法，以制备纳米纤维素. 采用化学法和机械法从香蕉Embul变种（AAB）中提取纤维素纤维. 通过酸水解将化学提取的纤维素发展为纳米纤维素，因为在X射线衍射（XRD）分析中，与机械提取（50.8%）相比，其结晶指数（61.7%）更高. 纳米纤维素的结晶度指数（70.7%）较高，傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）表明，在萃取过程的不同阶段，活性基团的键合模式发生了变化. 此外，与机械萃取法相比，化学萃取法的纤维产率较低. 这一发现表明，在商业利用中，纤维提取方法对所用纤维素材料的数量和质量有很大影响.

KEYWORDS:

• Banana,
• chemical,
• crystallinity index,
• fiber yield,
• mechanical,
• nanocellulose,

关键词:

• 香蕉
• 化学
• 结晶度指数
• 纤维产量
• 机械性能
• 纳米纤维素

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Accelerating Higher Education Expansion and Development (AHEAD) Operation of the Ministry of Higher Education funded by the World Bank.