Controlling Formaldehyde Exposures in an Academic Gross Anatomy Laboratory

Abstract

This report describes efforts over a more than a 15-year period to improve air quality and reduce exposures to formaldehyde during anatomical dissections at the Yale University School of Medicine, including first-year medical student gross anatomy classes. During this time, a number of steps were taken to improve general ventilation system efficiency and work practices in the original facility. Subsequently, during the design phase for a new research and teaching building, a new anatomical laboratory was planned to incorporate 42 individually ventilated dissection tables. The tables were customized from a commercially available design to operate at lower volumetric airflow rates while still providing a high degree of formaldehyde containment. Air monitoring performed throughout this time period showed progressive reductions in formaldehyde exposure as ventilation modifications were made. However, significant reductions only occurred after the installation of the ventilated tables. Personal and area exposure monitoring during thoracic and abdominal dissections now show a five- to tenfold reduction in formaldehyde exposure compared to previous operations, with exposures consistently below 0.1 ppm.

Keywords:

• formaldehyde
• exposure
• anatomical dissection
• ventilated tables

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Reyhan Larimer (Yale Project Management), Drs. William Stewart and Larry Rizzolo (Anatomy and Experimental Surgery), Phil LaPre (University Mortician), and others at the Yale University School of Medicine for their help and thoughtful input into this project. We also thank TBJ Inc., Chambersburg, Pa., for their teamwork and iterative approach to the design and fabrication of the ventilated dissection tables.