Patterns and predictors of personal protection compliance and workplace hygiene behaviors among workers with elevated blood lead levels in New York State

Abstract

Despite increasing awareness and significant progress in reducing lead exposure among workers, elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) continue to be an occupational health problem. Little is currently known about the extent of personal protective equipment (PPE) use among lead-exposed workers. We examined the patterns and predictors of consistent PPE use and workplace hygiene behaviors among workers with elevated BLLs using a survey of 1,459 workers with an occupational lead exposure in New York State (NYS). Routine availability of respirators was commonplace, however only approximately half of workers consistently wore PPE while working with lead. Regular access to showers was reported by 41% of workers, but less than a quarter took showers and subsequently changed into clean clothing before leaving work site. Significant predictors of consistent PPE use and good hygiene behaviors were identified. The findings highlight the need for further educational and policy interventions for lead-exposed employees. Increased employer efforts are also required to provide workplace structures and a culture that supports compliance. These include the provision of routine training and hazard communication, provision of appropriate PPE and hygiene facilities, and enforcing its use where necessary.

KEYWORDS:

• Employee hygiene
• heavy metal
• lead exposed
• OSHA
• PPE compliance

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the following people for their contributions to this study: Anne Marie Gibson, Kelly Hughes, and Jackie Figueroa.

Additional information

Funding

Funding for this study was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health grant: 5U600H008474.